{"id":1356,"date":"2022-11-01T14:08:13","date_gmt":"2022-11-01T14:08:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/?page_id=1356"},"modified":"2023-01-01T20:20:59","modified_gmt":"2023-01-01T20:20:59","slug":"on-a-realization-theorem-in-plane-hyperbolic-geometry-and-a-relatedidentity-in-neutral-geometry","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/on-a-realization-theorem-in-plane-hyperbolic-geometry-and-a-relatedidentity-in-neutral-geometry\/","title":{"rendered":"On a realization theorem in plane hyperbolic geometry and a relatedidentity in neutral geometry"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:77px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/logovf-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-752\" width=\"151\" height=\"201\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<p style=\"font-size:21px\"><strong>Moroccan    Journal of Algebra and Geometry with Applications<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/moroccan-journal-of-algebra-and-geometry-with-applications-volume-1-issue-2-2022\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/moroccan-journal-of-algebra-and-geometry-with-applications-volume-1-issue-2-2022\/\">Latest articles<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:14px\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-huge-font-size\" style=\"color:#060182\"><em><strong>On a realization theorem in plane hyperbolic geometry and a <br> related identity in neutral geometry<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:18.5px\"><strong>David E. Dobbs&nbsp;<\/strong><i class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i><br> Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1320<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color\" style=\"color:#232222;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"color:#626161\" class=\"color\">Pages 361-379 |  Received 10 May 2022,  Accepted 25 July 2022, Published 06 December 2022  <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:31px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:250%\">\n<div style=\"height:51px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#060182\" class=\"color\">Abstract<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Working in the upper half-plane model of plane hyperbolic geometry, we give a new proof that if <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> \\alpha \\leq \\beta \\leq \\gamma<\/span>  are positive real numbers such that <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> \\alpha + \\beta + \\gamma &lt; \\pi<\/span>, then there exists a hyperbolic triangle whose three (interior) angles haveradian measures <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\alpha ,\\ \\beta <\/span> and <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> \\gamma <\/span>, respectively. Seeking yet another proof of this realization theorem produces a new identity involving the sines and cosines of the angles of any triangle in hyperbolic or Euclidean geometry. The only prerequisites assumed here are some topics in analytic geometry and trigonometry that are typically covered in a precalculus courseand some basic facts from a first course on differential calculus. Thus, much of this paper could be used as enrichment material for a precalculus course or a calculus course, while all of this paper could to used to enrich a course on the classical geometries that features the upper half-plane model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><span style=\"color:#060182\" class=\"color\"><strong>Keywords<\/strong>:<\/span>&nbsp; Hyperbolic plane geometry, upper half-plane model, directed angle, tangent line, neutral geometry, identity                  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><span style=\"color:#060182\" class=\"color\"><strong>MSC numbers<\/strong>:<\/span> Primary 51-02; Secondary 33B10, 51N20.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>Downloads:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/0102MJAGA361_379.pdf\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/0102MJAGA361_379.pdf\">Full-text PDF<\/a>                                <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:800px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/0102MJAGA361_379.pdf\" class=\"pdfemb-viewer\" style=\"width:700px;height:950px;\" data-width=\"700\" data-height=\"950\" data-toolbar=\"bottom\" data-toolbar-fixed=\"off\">0102MJAGA361_379<\/a>\n<p class=\"wp-block-pdfemb-pdf-embedder-viewer\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:96px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-right is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-765c4724 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/cotorsion-theory-and-its-application-to-ring-structures-a-book-chapter\/\" style=\"border-radius:100px\">Previous article <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/moroccan-journal-of-algebra-and-geometry-with-applications-volume-1-issue-2-2022\/\" style=\"border-radius:100px\"><strong>View<\/strong>&nbsp;issue table of contents<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fdcfc74e wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--3\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/chain-bundles-and-category-of-chains\/\" style=\"border-radius:100px\"><strong>Next<\/strong>&nbsp;article<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Moroccan Journal of Algebra and Geometry with Applications Latest articles On a realization theorem in plane hyperbolic geometry and a related identity in neutral geometry David E. Dobbs&nbsp; Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1320 Pages 361-379 | Received 10 May 2022, Accepted 25 July 2022, Published 06 December 2022 Abstract Working in <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/on-a-realization-theorem-in-plane-hyperbolic-geometry-and-a-relatedidentity-in-neutral-geometry\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-page-builder.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1356","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1356"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1588,"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1356\/revisions\/1588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}