{"id":1336,"date":"2022-10-31T22:14:31","date_gmt":"2022-10-31T22:14:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/?page_id=1336"},"modified":"2023-01-01T20:15:45","modified_gmt":"2023-01-01T20:15:45","slug":"a-new-look-at-an-old-inequality","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/a-new-look-at-an-old-inequality\/","title":{"rendered":"A new look at an old inequality"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:77px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/logovf-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-752\" width=\"151\" height=\"201\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<p style=\"font-size:21px\"><strong>Moroccan    Journal of Algebra and Geometry with Applications<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/moroccan-journal-of-algebra-and-geometry-with-applications-volume-1-issue-2-2022\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/moroccan-journal-of-algebra-and-geometry-with-applications-volume-1-issue-2-2022\/\">Latest articles<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:14px\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-huge-font-size\" style=\"color:#060182\"><em><strong>A new look at an old inequality<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:18.5px\"><strong>David E. Dobbs&nbsp;<\/strong><i class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i><br> Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1320<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color\" style=\"color:#232222;font-size:16px\"><span style=\"color:#626161\" class=\"color\">Pages 196-285 |  Received 04 April 2022,  Accepted 18 July 2022, Published 06 December 2022  <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:31px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:250%\">\n<div style=\"height:51px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color:#060182\" class=\"color\">Abstract<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">For motivation and to enhance accessibility, we begin by reviewing some well known proofs that <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> |x + 1\/x| \\geq 2<\/span> for all nonzero real numbers <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">x<\/span> and also note that there exist nonzero complex numbers <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">z<\/span> such that <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">|z + 1\/z| &lt; 2<\/span>. Then, for each <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">B &gt; 0<\/span>, we determine the nonzero complex numbers <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">z<\/span> such that <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">|z + 1\/z| = B<\/span> (resp., <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">|z + 1\/z| &lt; B<\/span>). Identifying the complex plane with <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> \\mathbb{R}^2<\/span> via the usual Argand diagram, we show that this set has Jordan content 0 (resp., give a formula for the Jordan content of this set). This study leads to a sense in which, for a random nonzero complex number <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">z<\/span> such that <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">|z| \\leq  1<\/span>, the probability that <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">|z + 1\/z| &lt; 2<\/span> is <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">2\/\\pi <\/span> (and hence is greater than 0.63). Various portions of this paper could be used as enrichment material in courses ranging from precalculus to abstract algebra, advanced calculus, real analysis and general topology. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><span style=\"color:#060182\" class=\"color\"><strong>Keywords<\/strong>:<\/span>&nbsp; Inequality, complex number, absolute value, unit disk, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, Mean Value Theorem, L\u2019H\u00f4pital\u2019s Rule, accumulation point, <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> C^1<\/span> function, geometric probability, Jacobian, polynomial ring.                   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><span style=\"color:#060182\" class=\"color\"><strong>MSC numbers<\/strong>:<\/span> Primary 00-01; Secondary 33B10, 26A06, 26A15, 54A99.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>Downloads:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/0102MJAGA196_285.pdf\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/0102MJAGA196_285.pdf\">Full-text PDF  <\/a>                              <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:800px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/0102MJAGA196_285.pdf\" class=\"pdfemb-viewer\" style=\"width:700px;height:950px;\" data-width=\"700\" data-height=\"950\" data-toolbar=\"bottom\" data-toolbar-fixed=\"off\">0102MJAGA196_285<\/a>\n<p class=\"wp-block-pdfemb-pdf-embedder-viewer\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:96px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-right is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-765c4724 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/symmetry-properties-of-finite-sums-involving-generalized-fibonacci-numbers\/\" style=\"border-radius:100px\">Previous article <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/moroccan-journal-of-algebra-and-geometry-with-applications-volume-1-issue-2-2022\/\" style=\"border-radius:100px\"><strong>View<\/strong>&nbsp;issue table of contents<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fdcfc74e wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--3\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/cotorsion-theory-and-its-application-to-ring-structures-a-book-chapter\/\" style=\"border-radius:100px\"><strong>Next<\/strong>&nbsp;article<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Moroccan Journal of Algebra and Geometry with Applications Latest articles A new look at an old inequality David E. Dobbs&nbsp; Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1320 Pages 196-285 | Received 04 April 2022, Accepted 18 July 2022, Published 06 December 2022 Abstract For motivation and to enhance accessibility, we begin by reviewing <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/a-new-look-at-an-old-inequality\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-page-builder.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1336","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1336","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1336"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1336\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1586,"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1336\/revisions\/1586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ced.fst-usmba.ac.ma\/p\/mjaga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1336"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}